Teacher's notes

WHAT IS A FRUIT?

A fruit is the ripe ovary of a flower. There are four main groups of fruit;

• fruit with stones - e.g. plums, cherries, apricots, damsons, mangoes, peaches.
  
• soft or berry fruit - e.g. loganberrries, strawberries, blackberries, grapes, blackcurrants.
  
• hard fruit - e.g. apples, pears.
• citrus fruit - e.g. lemons, oranges, limes, mandarines, grapefruit, satsumas.

There are lots of different types of fruit that fall into none of these types - e.g banana, kiwi fruit, pineapple, melon.

WHAT IS A VEGETABLE?

Vegetables are edible plants. Some grow above the ground and the following parts are eaten;

• seeds and fruits - e.g. peas, beans, cucumbers, peppers, tomatoes, okra, aubergines.
  
• flowers - e.g. cauliflower and broccoli.
  
• leaves - e.g. cabbage, brussels sprouts, kale, lettuce, spinach, mustard, cress, pak choi.
  
• shoots - e.g. bean sprouts, bamboo shoots.
  
• stems - e.g. celery, fennel, asparagus.

Some grow below the ground and the following parts are eaten;

• roots - turnips, swede, parsnips, carrots, beetroot, radishes.
  
• bulbs - onions, leeks.
  
• tubers - potatoes, yams.

Sc2: 4a - 4c
Variation and classification

You will need:
A selection of fruits and vegetables (or pictures of them)